Process of and apparatus for cooling internal-combustion engines



i leso-,07o May 24,1927.` l W. w' Mm PncEss or Am; APPARATUS FOR c oomncfy INTERNAL comusirou ENGINES* riginal Filed Aug. 1s. 1922 l IlI Mh l' [Ill 25 said tank 4 into the space 30 ugal pump 10,

45 the jacket and also 3l into the tank 4 where i o and air readily 'Patented May 24, i927.

UNITED STATES WELLINGTON w. Moin, or Locxron'r, NEW Yonx.

rnocnss or Nn APPARATUS ron COOLING INTERNAL-connus'rIoN ENGINES.

Application nled August 16, 192.2, Serial No. 582,220. Renewed April 8, 1927.

' This invention relates to cooling systems for internal combustion engines and has for its object to provide a means, as well as a procedure which will be more eiiicient in ac- 5 tion and more certain in operation than those heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in View the invention consists in combinations of steps constituting the proc j ess and in the novel parts and combinations of parts constituting the apparatus, all as will be more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals designate like parts in rall the views The figure is a diagrammatic partially sectional view of a cooling system made in accordance with this-invention.

1 indicates the jacket of an internal combustion engine, 2 .a radiator, 3 a passage from said jacket to a tank 4 located above the radiator 2, 5 a passage leading from 6 above said radiator 2, 7 water space 6 into the chamber 8 at the bottom of said radiator,n9 a pipe or passage leading from said tank or chamber 8 to the centrif- 11` a passage leading from the force side of said pump into the tube 12 which empties into said tank 4 as illustrated.

13 indicates a passage leading from said tank 4 into the'passage 14 joining the suction side of thecentrifugal pump 15, and

16 represents a passage from the force side of said pump 15 back into the jacket 1. Said pum 15 is conveniently operated through the elt 17 or other source of power and j is 'conveniently' operated lthrough the gears 19 and 20 or other suitable means.

l Inoperat-ion the hot water and steam, or

hot water alone is forced by the pressure in by the pump 15 up through the passage the level 21 of the liquid, is maintained by reason of the location of the filler cap 22 being on said level. In the'tank 4 the steam and pass down into the pipe 5 to the passage 6 and through the water -tube/s 7 into the bottom tank 8, all as is indicated by the arrows. The condensed? fluid in the tank 8 the novel steps andv Vsuction chamber tubes leading from said escape from the level 21l is sucked by the centrifugal pump 10 into its suction chamber and any air that may be carried over throughthe radiator escapes -throughthe vent pipe 25`to the atmosphere. In the meantime an alcoholic vapors which may have been carried over will be absorbed in the condensed fluid and forced along with the water through the passage 11 and pipe 12 back into the tank 4. From the tank 4 the colder lower strata of fluid passes down by gravity through the passage 13 and is sucked by the pump 15 through said passage as well as through the passage 14 into its and is forced through the passage 16 back into the jacket and thus the fluid and vapors are circulated around and round the circuit in a manner that wlll Y back pressure. Consequently the pressure in jacket 1 can be maintainedl at a point much higher than that dueto the atmosphere.

A hi her pressure in the jacket 1 results in a -higher temperature around the combustion chambers' cooled by said jacket and a higher temperature in said combustion chambers enables the operator to burn an inferior fuel with greaterv facility than is possible at lower temperatures.

Stated in other language, it is well known that there is one particular temperature at which a given fuel mixture will ignite and exert its 'propulsive .powers with the greatest satisfaction, and that if this particular temperature can an engine in spite of the varying loads and working conditions of that eng smoother operation will result otherwise be the case.

According to this invention,

me a much than would:

be constantly maintained in therefore, due

to the above restricted passage 12 the pres- 1 combustion chambers is maintained at a pdint considerably higher than that which Would be due to atmosphericA pressure in the jacket and from this higher temperature there results the following advantages Should the load on the engine increase and therefore should the temperature of the combustion chambers increase the excess of eat is immediately .passed ofi in the 'form of latent heat accompanying the steam generated and this latent heat is dissipated through the radiator 2 without greatly altering the temperature in the jacket. Should, on the other hand, a lighter loa-d beplaced on the engine, and the temperature generated in the combustion chambers lessened, the higher temperatures of the jacket uid and of the metal constituting the engine walls would cause heat to flow into said combustion chambers and thus would the temperature of said combustion chambers be counter-balanced.

In other words, it is obvious that by the employment of the restricted passage 12 in the circuit a more equal temperature can be maintained in the combustion chambers throughout the varyino loads and Working conditions imposed on t e engine than .would otherwise be the case; and further, that a higher temperature may be continuously maintained in said combustion A chambers. From this it results that one is enabled to burn with more satisfaction an inferior fuel and to continuously obtain a smoother working from the engine than would otherwise e the case.

' The construction illustrated is peculiarly adapted for tractors, in that it admits of an unusually strong installation on the forwardI portion of the tractor, while at the same ime functioning in a satisfactory manner. he pump L:10 can be readily run at such a speed or can be provided with such acapac ity as will force the cooled fluid sufficiently fast through the restricted passage l2 into the tank 4 against the pressure therein to maintain a super-atmospheric pressure in out causin accumulates in said radiator,

1t continues'to be sucked through the pascontinues to escape therefrom through the vent `25, and said air freed fluid can continue to be forced through the pas'- temporarily, ac-

lany

the radiator, t

-for passing Huid sages 11 and 12 back into the tank 4 against anysuperat1nospheric pressure that may exist therein.

-The pipe 5, as shown, is smaller than the chamber 6 and the area of the passages 7 so that the How of fluid from tank 4 into the radiator 2 is restricted. This further enables the maintainin of a higher pressure in tank 4 and in jacket l, than that of the atmosphere, and therefore a higher temperature around the combustion chambers than d accompany an atmospheric pressure in said jacket.

t is obvious that those skilled in the art rangement of parts tion Without departing from the spirit of the invention,and therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosure except as maybe required by the claims. at claim is 1. In a vcooling system for an internal combustion engine the combination of a jacket; a radiator; a tank closed to the atmosphere associated with said radiator; means for passing fiuid under pressure from said jacket to said tank; means for passing fluid under pressure from said tank into said radiator; means for drawing fluid from said radiator and forcing it `under pressure back into said tank; and means for returning Huid from said tank back into said jacket, substantially as described.

In a cooling system for internal com- In a cooling system for an internal combustion engine the combination of a jacket; a radiator closed'to the atmosphere; a tank closed to the atmosphere; a connection between said radiator and said tank; a connection between said tank and said ket; a vent for permitting air to escape a pump having its dehvery side located between said vent and said radiator; a connection between said pump and said radiator; aconnection beween said pump and said tank; and means from said -tank to said jacket, substantially as described.

a cooling system for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a jacket; a radiator closed to the atmosphere;

between the bottom of suction side of said pump;

"pump Yand said radiator;

a tank closed to the atmosphere; a. connectionbetween said radiator and Said tank; a connection between said tank and said jacket; a vent for permitting air to esca e to the atmosphere; a pump having its elivery side located betweensaid vent and said radiator; a connection between said nection between said pump and said tank; and means comprlsing a lsecond pump for lpassing fluid from said tank to said jacket,

substantially as described.

5. In a cooling system for `an internalv combustion engine the from said tank back into said jacket; substantially as descri 6. The process of maintaining the pres- 30 sure of the Huid in a jacket of an internal a. restricted con-- tank; condensing any side of said tank; suckingthe condensate combustion engineabove that of the atmosphere, whichconsists in forcingsaid fluid under super-atmospheric pressure into a tank; condensingl any. va ors given off., outside lof said tank; forcing thecondensed liquid thus obtained under super-atmospheric pressure back intosaid tank ventin any air that may be carried over with sai condensate; and forcing thecondensate from said tank back as described.

7 The process of maintaining the pressure of the Huid in a jacket of an internal combustion engine above that of the atmosphere, which consists in forcing said iuid under super-atmospheric pressure into a vapors given off outinto said jacket, substantially into a ump chamber; forcing the condensed liquid thus obtained under super-atmospheric pressure back into` said ta through a restricted densate after the liquid reaches said pump chamber and before itis forced back into i said tank; and forcing the condensate from passage; venting any a1r that may be carried over with said con-V said tank' back intosaid'jacket, substanc tia'lly as described.

In testimony whereof I ax my si WELLINGTON W. UIR.

ature. l 

